How big is the US national debt?

$40.30 trillion as at 2026-10-09. At the end of fiscal 2016 it was $19.57 trillion, so it has grown 105% in 10 years.

Who actually holds the debt?

80.5% is held by the public, which means investors, foreign governments, funds and individuals. The remaining 19.5%, $7.85 trillion, is intragovernmental: one part of the federal government holding the debt of another, mostly trust funds such as Social Security. Headlines that quote the total without that split are describing two very different things as one number.

What interest rate does the Treasury pay?

Average rates across the securities outstanding as at 2026-09-30. This is what the government is actually paying on debt already issued, which moves more slowly than the rate on new issuance.

What does it cost to borrow right now?

Market rates, not the average on debt already issued. A change here is quoted in percentage points, because a yield moving from 4% to 5% is a rise of one point, not a rise of 25%.

The US economy in numbers

Each figure below is the most recent published reading from the agency that produces it. Agencies publish on different schedules, so the dates differ. Use the date next to the figure you are quoting.

Which stock markets have risen most?

Read this before quoting the table. These are the OECD’s share price indices, one per country. Each country is indexed to its own base, so the levels cannot be compared between countries and are not shown. Only the percentage moves are comparable. They are price indices, so they exclude dividends, and they are monthly, so they lag a live market by several weeks.

Over the twelve months to 2026-08-01, South Korea rose most, by +108.7%, though it has since fallen -21.6% from its own peak inside that period. India is the weakest of the nine at -3.7%.

A twelve month gain on its own can flatter a market that has already given much of it back, which is why the peak inside the period and the distance from it are shown next to it. This table records what happened. It does not say what happens next, and it is not a recommendation to buy or sell anything.

What is a dollar worth?

How big is each stock market?

The combined market value of the companies listed on a country’s own exchanges, and how many there are. Countries report to the World Bank on their own schedule, so the year differs by country and is shown in its own column. Do not compare two rows without checking that their years match.

What do the biggest US companies actually earn?

Revenue and net income for the most recent full year each company has reported, taken from its own annual report on Form 10-K. These are filed figures, not market estimates and not share prices.

Margin is net income divided by revenue, our own arithmetic on their filed figures. The companies are ordered by revenue, which is a size ranking and nothing more. Nothing on this page ranks them as investments, and a year reported here can differ from the figure published at the time if the company restated it in a later filing.

Who is raising private money?

Read this before quoting the table. A Form D is filed by a company or a fund raising money privately in the US, under Regulation D. It is not a list of startup rounds. Most of the money on any given day belongs to investment funds raising from their own investors, not to companies raising to build something, so the two are separated below and never added together into one headline. The amounts are the issuer’s own, as filed. The SEC does not verify them.

Over 31 Aug 2026 to 13 Oct 2026, 7,851 issuers filed. 6,416 reported money actually sold, totalling $1.23 trillion. Of that, $1.15 trillion was raised by 4,344 pooled investment funds and $80.59B by 2,072 everything else.

What venture and private equity funds raised

Fund managers file a Form D when they raise a new fund, so this is money committed to funds, not money those funds have put into companies yet. Venture capital funds took in $15.11B across 1,053 filings in this window.

The largest raises by operating companies

Removing pooled funds alone is not enough: the biggest filings left are insurance separate accounts and collective trusts, which are investment vehicles under a different label. So this table also excludes every issuer that put itself in one of these industries: Pooled Investment Fund, Insurance, Investing, REITS and Finance, Other Banking and Financial Services, Commercial Banking, Investment Banking. What remains is $34.98B raised by 1,832 issuers. Each row links to the filing it came from.

Which sectors raised the most

A Form D reports what had been sold at the moment it was filed, so a round still being raised appears smaller than it will finish, and a company that files an amendment later replaces its own earlier figure. Where an issuer filed more than once in this window, only its newest filing is counted.

How many companies does Britain start, and close?

782,037 companies were incorporated in the twelve months to 2026-09-30, and 740,321 were dissolved, a net change of 41,716. These are counts from the Companies House register itself, not a survey.

What are they starting?

The sectors new UK companies registered themselves under in the same twelve months. A company can register more than one activity code, so these do not sum to the total.

For context on the same economy, UK inflation on the CPIH measure was 3.3% in the year to August 2026, published by the Office for National Statistics.

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